โ–ธโ–ธ
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง Polonium
  • ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ฆ ะŸะพะปะพะฝั–ะน
  • ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ ้‡™
  • ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Polonium
  • ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท Polonium
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Polonium
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฑ ืคื•ืœื•ื ื™ื•ื
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Polonio
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต ใƒใƒญใƒ‹ใ‚ฆใƒ 
  • ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Polônio
  • ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Polonio
  • ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช Polonium
  • ๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡บ ะŸะพะปะพะฝะธะน

Polonium atoms have 84 electrons and the shell structure is 2.8.18.32.18.6. The ground state electronic configuration of neutral polonium is [Xe].4f14.5d10.6s2.6p4 and the term symbol of polonium is 3P2.

Polonium: description  

Polonium has more isotopes than any other element, all of which are radioactive. Polonium dissolves readily in dilute acids, but is only slightly soluble in alkalis.

Weight for weight it is about 2.5 x 1011 times as toxic as hydrocyanic acid (HCN). Polonium has been found in tobacco as a contaminant and in uranium ores.

polonium
Image adapted with permission from Prof James Marshall's (U. North Texas, USA) Walking Tour of the elements CD.

Polonium: physical properties

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Polonium: heat properties

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Polonium: atom sizes

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Polonium: electronegativities

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Polonium: orbital properties

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Polonium: abundances

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Polonium: crystal structure

Po crystal structure
The solid state structure of polonium is: cubic.

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Polonium: biological data

Polonium has no biological role.

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Polonium: uses

Uses...

Polonium: reactions

Reactions of polonium as the element with air, water, halogens, acids, and bases where known.

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Polonium: binary compounds

Binary compounds with halogens (known as halides), oxygen (known as oxides), hydrogen (known as hydrides), and other compounds of polonium where known.

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Polonium: compound properties

Bond strengths; lattice energies of polonium halides, hydrides, oxides (where known); and reduction potentials where known.

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Polonium: history

Polonium was discovered by Marie Curie in 1898 at France. Origin of name: named after "Poland" (birthplace of Marie Curie).

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Polonium: isotopes

Isotope abundances of polonium
Isotope abundances of polonium with the most intense signal set to 100%.

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Polonium: isolation

Isolation: polonium is radioactive and excessivley rare in nature. It is made in very small qunatities through a nuclear reaction of bismuth. Neutron irradiation of 209bismuth (atomic number 83) gives 210polonium (atomic number 84).

209Bi + 1n → 210Po + e-

Metallic polonium can be fractionally distilled from the bismuth or electrodeposited onto a metal surface such as silver.