Atomic orbitals: 4p radial distribution function

Schematic plot of the 4p radial distribution function 4πr²ψ_4p²

For 4p-orbitals, the radial distribution function is related to the product obtained by multiplying the square of the radial wave function R_4p by r². By definition, it is independent of direction.

All of p-orbitals have one planar node, The 4p radial distribution function shows two radial nodes and the higher p orbitals show more. The number of nodes is related to the principal quantum number, n. In general, the np orbital have (n - 2) radial nodes. Therefore, the 4p-orbital has (4 - 2) = 2 radial nodes, as shown in the above plot. Radial nodes become evident in the higher p-orbitals ( 5p, 6p, and 7p) while lower p-orbitals (2p, 3p) show fewer.