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| Atomic orbitals |
| Level 1 1s |
| Level 2 2s 2p |
| Level 3 3s 3p 3d |
| Level 4 4s 4p 4d 4f |
| Level 5 5s 5p 5d 5f 5g |
| Level 6 6s 6p 6d 6f 6g |
| Level 7 7s 7p 7d 7f 7g |
| Hybrid orbitals |
| 2s+2p hybrids sp sp2 sp3 |
| 3s+3p+3d hybrids dsp3 d2sp3 |
| Molecular orbitals |
| H2, dihydrogen σ* σ |
| N2, dinitrogen σp* πx* πy* σp πx πy σs* σs |
| Introduction | Dots! | ||||
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Molecular orbitals: N2
The animation below shows the bonding interaction of nitrogen 2py orbitals on two nitrogen atoms as they approach. The two dots represent the N nuclei.
The πpy-bond in dinitrogen (N2).
The bonding interaction of nitrogen 2py orbitals on two nitrogen atoms as they approach. This orbital is occupied in dinitrogen.
Note that the corresponding overlap of 2px orbitals gives a precisely similar (that is, degenerate) orbital (also occupied) differing only in orientation, related to this orbital by a 90° rotation about the z-axis.
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